每颗功耗为 2.5W，总共功耗约为 7.5W
-
计算：使用的 SoC 芯片，功耗约为 70W
-
网络通信：使用的 Wi-Fi 网络模块，功耗约为 15W
当机器人开始运行后，功耗会上涨到每小时 480W 左右，主要是因为：
-
行走模块：使用的电机，功耗约为 150W
-
计算：运用深度学习算法，功耗约为 300W
-
感知：使用的 LiDAR，功耗约为 20W
需要注意的是，以上数据仅为估计数据，实际情况可能有所不同，毕竟特斯拉的机器人还处于研发阶段，未来会有更进一步的提升。- Computing power: Tesla’s FSD chip has a single core capability of 72 TOPS and uses Samsung’s 14nm process with a power consumption of 36W.
- Data transmission: The design includes Wi-Fi and LTE connections.
- In walking mode, the overall power consumption of the robot is 500W, mainly distributed to 28 “joints” of electric motors. By the way, the number of motor joints has been reduced by a quarter from the 40 announced last year.
- Among the 28 electric motors, six different designs are used with the main purpose of reducing the cost of mass production of the robot. These 28 electric motors have a power output of approximately 400W during walking.
Prospects for Tesla’s Battery Design
In the current demonstration, the robot’s batteries use cylindrical battery cells, which is exactly what Tesla wants to do in its battery strategy: making 4680 batteries the standard battery not only for the widely-used Model 3 Model Y, but also for the Cyber Truck and Semi Truck; furthermore, in low-voltage applications based on current 2-degree power. According to the current disassembly information, the first generation of 4680 battery cell information is as follows:
- Cathode: NCM 811 (81.6% nickel)
- Anode: graphite (no silicon), dry battery electrode technology
- Estimated total capacity: 26.136 Ah
- Estimated total energy: 96-99 Wh
- Estimated energy density: 272-296 Wh/kg
- Weight: 355g
According to Troy’s revelation, Tesla’s energy density for 4680 planning is:
- 1st generation: 276 Wh/kg
- 2nd generation: 305 Wh/kg
- 3rd generation: 333 Wh/kg
When we are able to buy this robot in the next 3-5 years, the same size battery is expected to have a 50% increase in weight and energy density, possibly iterating to 3.5-5kWh. However, this still cannot support the robot’s non-stop operation for a whole day or even meet the 996 working standard. If, as Musk predicted, large-scale robots enter factories, faster charging speed or battery swapping solutions are expected to be needed.
This battery is relatively small and it is hopeful to be made into a swappable one.
Summary: What can we use this robot for if it becomes available for household use? Let’s discuss in the comments (what immediately comes to our mind is using it for elderly care).
This article is a translation by ChatGPT of a Chinese report from 42HOW. If you have any questions about it, please email bd@42how.com.